Logical and Physical Design Of IoT

ByKotai Electronics

While talking about the logical and physical design of IoT we are talking about the physical devices and the protocols that take data from one device to another. All of the work together as a single unit. Each of the physical devices is called a node and each device has its own unique identity with the help of protocol they do things like monitoring, sensing and tracking. IoT today are becoming immensely popular. Companies today are implementing IoT technologies more so if you want to be relevant to the tech industry you have to know one or two things about IoT sadly very few do this.

We have a full playlist on the official kotaielectronics website about everything you need to know about the current tech world and especially for the IoT, go check it out if you want to know more. In this article, we will completely cover what the logical and physical design of IoT is and how they work. So let’s get started.

logical physical design of IoT

Physical Design Of IoT

Physical Devices/Things

Devices are physical electronic components that are used to build a connection to process data, provide interfaces that offer storage, graphics and storage and also power source sometimes in the IoT system. Most of these physical components collect data from the environment and send raw data to be processed and analyzed. After analyzing it sends the information to the actuators to act accordingly. Instead of collecting data from the environment some IoT also collects user data to provide more refined performance to the users.

For example, a small propeller sensor inside the tap of a wine barrel spins whenever the wine is poured from the tap. After that, the data of the number of times it spun gets sent to the analyzer and tells how much whine is spent and when to shut off the flow. The analyzing part gets done by the algorithms that were put into it. Here are some examples of physical components.

the physical design of IoT

The Connectivity

Whatever physical device provides connectivity and either transmits or receives data come in the connectivity part or physical devices of IoT. Here it can be USB ports, Ethernet cables etc.

Processor

The second, essential component of the physical design of IoT will be the CPU or the processor. All the data processing happens here and it improves the decision making quality in the IoT system.

Sound & Visual

The third element is the visual component of IoT. It shows all the information that the processor sends to the screen. It uses things like HDMI and RCA. The video player is the audio and visual part of the physical design of IoT.

Storage Component

Not only a hard disc every component that stores data is the storage component of IoT. Things like SD, MMC and SDIO. It’s different from the DDR and GPU is used to control the activity of an IoT system.

Logical Design Of IoT

Logical design of IoT

The “Logical Design” of IoT is the framework or the imaginary ideal design in which the components including software and the hardware components will be laid out. It doesn’t go into the depth of describing how each component will be built with low-level programming specifics.

IoT Functional Blocks

What is a functional block?

An IoT system consists of a number of functional blocks that provide the system with the capabilities for identification, sensing, actuation, communication and management. The function of the Communication functional block in short Handles the communication for the IoT system.

Any IoT system will have several functional blocks like Devices, communication, security, services, and application. With the help of the functional blocks, we provide sensing, identification, actuation, management, and communication capability. These blocks also include the physical components too.

IoT communications models

There are endless options of models available in an IoT system. It connects the IoT system to the server. Here are some examples

Request-response model
Push-pull model
Publish-subscribe model
Exclusive pair model

IoT Communication API

In simpler terms APIs are used to communicate between the server and the system in IoT. Some API includes.

REST-based communication APIs
Client-server
Stateless
Cacheable
Websocket based communication API

The IoT Protocols

In simpler terms, IoT protocols are a number of procedures or sets of rules that decides how data will be transmitted between two devices generally those two computers there are many protocols each of them works differently than others on how any data will be structured and how it will be sent between devices and it will be received. There are basically 11 types of protocols for IoT. We have an article dedicated completely to the IoT protocols. Do have a read if you want to know about the IoT protocols in detail, go check it out. There are 4 types of

  • Bluetooth
  • 6LowPAN
  • Zigbee
  • Z-Wave
  • WiFi
  • Cellular
  • Thread
  • NFC
  • Neul
  • LoRaWAN

Wrapping Up

So here is the most widely used logical and physical design of IoT in 2022. As the technology is changing any physical design of iot might change sooner than you might imagine. The logical design of IoT, however still has some time to stay and it will stay like that for some time. Be sure to subscribe to our newsletter to stay updated with the latest and greatest about the technology world. Hope you liked our article, thank you for reading. Have a great day.